Credit risk disclosures

Disclosure Financial risk management

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Disclosure Financial risk management

Disclosure financial risk management provides the guidance on the need for disclosure of the management policies, procedures and measurement practices in place at the operations within the reporting entity’s group of companies and an actual example of disclosures for financial risk management.

Disclosure Financial risk management guidance

Classes of financial instruments

Where IFRS 7 requires disclosures by class of financial instrument, the entity shall group its financial instruments into classes that are appropriate to the nature of the information disclosed and that take into account the characteristics of those financial instruments. The classes are determined by the entity and are therefore distinct from the categories of financial instruments specified in IFRS 9. Disclosure Financial risk management

As a minimum, the entity should distinguish between financial instruments measured at amortised cost and those measured at fair value, and treat as separate class any financial instruments outside the scope of IFRS 9. The entity shall provide sufficient information to permit reconciliation to the line items presented in the balance sheet. Guidance on classes of financial instruments and the level of required disclosures is provided in Appendix B to IFRS 7. [IFRS 7.6, IFRS 7.B1-B3]

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Disclosure financial assets and liabilities

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Disclosure financial assets and liabilities

– provides a narrative providing guidance on users of financial statements’ needs to present financial disclosures in the notes to the financial statements grouped in more logical orders. But there is and never will be a one-size fits all.

Here it has been decided to separately disclose financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities, because of the distinct different nature of these classes of assets and liabilities and the resulting different types of disclosures, risks and tabulations.

Disclosure financial assets and liabilities guidance

Disclosing financial assets and liabilities (financial instruments) in one note

Users of financial reports have indicated that they would like to be able to quickly access all of the information about the entity’s financial assets and liabilities in one location in the financial report. The notes are therefore structured such that financial items and non-financial items are discussed separately. However, this is not a mandatory requirement in the accounting standards.

Accounting policies, estimates and judgements

For readers of Financial Statements it is helpful if information about accounting policies that are specific to the entityDisclosure financial assets and liabilitiesand about significant estimates and judgements is disclosed with the relevant line items, rather than in separate notes. However, this format is also not mandatory. For general commentary regarding the disclosures of accounting policies refer to note 25. Commentary about the disclosure of significant estimates and judgements is provided in note 11.

Scope of accounting standard for disclosure of financial instruments

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IFRS 7 does not apply to the following items as they are not financial instruments as defined in paragraph 11 of IAS 32:

  1. prepayments made (right to receive future good or service, not cash or a financial asset)
  2. tax receivables and payables and similar items (statutory rights or obligations, not contractual), or
  3. contract liabilities (obligation to deliver good or service, not cash or financial asset).

While contract assets are also not financial assets, they are explicitly included in the scope of IFRS 7 for the purpose of the credit risk disclosures. Liabilities for sales returns and volume discounts (see note 7(f)) may be considered financial liabilities on the basis that they require payments to the customer. However, they should be excluded from financial liabilities if the arrangement is executory. the Reporting entity Plc determined this to be the case. [IFRS 7.5A]

Classification of preference shares

Preference shares must be analysed carefully to determine if they contain features that cause the instrument not to meet the definition of an equity instrument. If such shares meet the definition of equity, the entity may elect to carry them at FVOCI without recycling to profit or loss if not held for trading.

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IFRS 7 Complete Maturity analysis disclosure

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IFRS 7 Complete Maturity analysis disclosure – IFRS 7 requires certain disclosures to be presented by category of an instrument based on the IFRS 9 recognition and measurement categories of financial instruments. Certain other disclosures are required by class of financial instrument. For those disclosures an entity must group its financial instruments into classes of similar instruments as appropriate to the nature of the information presented. [IFRS 7 6] The two main categories of disclosures required by IFRS 7 are: information about the significance of financial instruments [IFRS 7 7 – 30] information about the nature and extent of risks arising from financial instruments [IFRS 7 31 – 42] So IFRS 7 bets on two disclosure options for these two … Read more

IFRS 9 Proper accounting for Related Company Loans

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IFRS 9 Proper accounting for Related Company Loans – IFRS 9 Financial Instruments makes no distinction between unrelated third party and related party transactions. Entities that prepare stand-alone financial statements are required to apply the full provisions of the standard to all transactions within its scope. This means related company loan receivables must be classified and measured in accordance with the requirements of IFRS 9, including where relevant, applying the Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for impairment. IFRS 9 Proper accounting for Related Company Loans Applying IFRS 9 to related company loans can present a number of application challenges as they are often advanced on terms that are not arms-length or sometimes advanced on an informal basis without any terms … Read more

9 Best practical Impairment related company loans

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9 Best practical Impairment related company loans – What are related company loans? Technically not the most difficult question one would think, BUT……… Entities must first consider whether the loan is within the scope of IFRS 9 or another standard. This is because IFRS 9: 2.1(a) scopes out ‘interests in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures’ that are accounted for in accordance with IAS 27 Separate Financial Statements or IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures i.e. at cost less impairment or using the equity method. In many cases, it will be clear that the loan is a debt instrument that falls within the scope of IFRS 9 but some scenarios may require a more detailed analysis. IFRS 9 replaced … Read more

IFRS 7 Credit risk disclosures

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IFRS 7 Credit risk disclosures – Credit risk is part of the risk disclosures requirements under IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures. Management should disclose information that enables users of its financial statements to evaluate the nature and extent of risks arising from financial instruments to which the entity is exposed at the end of the reporting period [IFRS 7 31]. The disclosures require focus on the risks that arise from financial instruments and how they have been managed. These risks typically include, but are not limited to, credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk [IFRS 7 32]. Qualitative and quantitative disclosures are required. Management should therefore disclose, for each type of risk arising from financial instruments: The exposures to risk … Read more

IFRS 7 Disclosures for IFRS 9 Financial instruments

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IFRS 7 Disclosures for IFRS 9 Financial instruments – This is a high level summary of the disclosure requirements added to IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures that accompanies the impairment model in IFRS 9 Financial Instruments. Credit risk management practices An entity is required to disclose: How it determines whether the credit risk has increased significantly (i.e. transfer between Stage 1 and Stage 2) including if and how: Financial instruments are considered to have low credit risk (refer to Exception for low credit risk financial instruments), The 30 day rebuttable presumption has been rebutted, The entity’s definition of default and the reasons for selecting this definition, How the financial instruments were grouped (if assessed on a collective basis), The entity’s … Read more

Presentation and disclosure of crypto-assets

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Presentation and disclosure of crypto-assets possibilities are provided here. The disclosure by holders of crypto-assets will be driven by the disclosure requirements of the IFRS standards that are applied in accounting for them. This narrative illustrates selected disclosure requirements for each classification and measurement in more detail, as well as the general IAS 1 requirements that could be relevant to the holder of crypto-assets. Presentation and disclosure of crypto-assets Holders of crypto-assets need to consider materiality when determining what disclosures are required in their specific circumstances, as well as when to aggregate amounts on the face of the financial statements and in the notes. An entity should not obscure material information with immaterial information or aggregate material items that have … Read more

Management of credit risk for financial instruments

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Management of credit risk for financial instruments – Financial institutions (banks, insurance companies, investment entities) should have a management process in place to identify, measure, monitor and control credit risk as well as to determine that they hold adequate capital against these risks and that they are adequately compensated for risks incurred. The sound practices should specifically address the following areas: establishing an appropriate credit risk environment; Management of credit risk for financial instruments operating under a sound credit-granting process; Management of credit risk for financial instruments maintaining an appropriate credit administration, measurement, and monitoring process; and Management of credit risk for financial instruments ensuring adequate controls over credit risk. Management of credit risk for financial instruments Although specific credit … Read more

IFRS 7 IFRS 9 Best Disclosure financial instruments

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Disclosure financial instruments  tries to address a large part of the significant disclosure requirements included in IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosure. IFRS 7 requires certain disclosures to be presented by category of an instrument based on the IFRS 9 recognition and measurement categories of financial instruments (previously the IAS 39 measurement categories). Certain other disclosures are required by class of financial instrument. For those disclosures an entity must group its financial instruments into classes of similar instruments as appropriate to the nature of the information presented. [IFRS 7 6] The two main categories of disclosures required by IFRS 7 are: information about the significance of financial instruments [IFRS 7 7 – 30] information about the nature and extent of risks … Read more