Highly probable

IFRS 15 Quick overview Revenue from contracts with customers

IFRS 15 Quick overview Revenue from contracts with customers – the easy way to obtain an solid overview.

What is the objective of IFRS 15?

To establish principles that an entity shall apply to report useful information to users of financial statements about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from a contract with a customer.

How does IFRS 15 meet this objective?

The core principle of IFRS 15 is that an entity should recognise revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

Practical expedient – the portfolio

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IFRS 7 Other price risks Step-by-step

IFRS 7 Other price risks Step-by-step – Other price risks is part of the risk disclosures requirements under IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures. Other price risks is part of market risk (the other main market risk categories being currency risk and interest rate risk) and is defined as the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices (other than those arising from interest rate risk or currency risk), whether those changes are caused by factors specific to the individual financial instrument or its issuer or by factors affecting all similar financial instruments traded in the market. IFRS 7 Other price risks Step-by-step

Management should disclose information … Read more

A closer look at IFRS 15 the new revenue model

A closer look at IFRS 15 the new revenue model – IFRS 15 establishes principles that an entity shall apply to report useful information to users of financial statements about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from a contract with a customer. A closer look at IFRS 15 the new revenue model

The revenue model applies to all contracts with customers except leases, insurance contracts, financial instruments, guarantees and certain non-monetary exchanges. The sale of non-monetary financial assets, such as property, plant and equipment, real estate or intangible assets will also be subject to some of the requirements of IFRS 15.

A contract with a customer may be partially within the scope of IFRS … Read more

Net investment hedge

The net investment hedge is one of three hedges defined in IFRS 9, the others are the fair value hedge and the cash flow hedge.

Hedge accounting can bring a number of advantages over traditional accounting methods. The core benefit is that by addressing the timings mismatch associated with standard derivative accounting, hedge accounting removes temporary volatility from the P&L. As a result, the financial statements will better reflect the company’s true economic performance.

Reducing the volatility in earnings results in a number of additional benefits:

  • Enterprise value. Earnings volatility is negatively perceived by investors.
  • Creditworthiness. Predictability in future earnings is a positive factor in creditworthiness.
  • Risk management. Statements reflect better and more accurately how
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Cash flow hedge

The cash flow hedge is one of three hedges defined in IFRS 9, the others are the fair value hedge and the hedge of a net investment.

Hedge accounting can bring a number of advantages over traditional accounting methods. The core benefit is that by addressing the timings mismatch associated with standard derivative accounting, hedge accounting removes temporary volatility from the P&L. As a result, the financial statements will better reflect the company’s true economic performance.

Reducing the volatility in earnings results in a number of additional benefits:

  • Enterprise value. Earnings volatility is negatively perceived by investors.
  • Creditworthiness. Predictability in future earnings is a positive factor in creditworthiness.
  • Risk management. Statements reflect better and more accurately
… Read more

Constraining estimates of variable consideration

Constraining estimates of variable consideration – One of the most significant departures from prior GAAP is the treatment of variable consideration. In the past, revenue could only be recognized in the amount of the fixed or determinable portion of the sales price, not any variable consideration. The new revenue standard is instead based on the core principle that revenue is Highly probable Highly probable Highly probable Highly probable the amount the company expects to receive based upon the contract.

It allows a company to recognize estimated variable consideration as revenue subject to a “constraint” rule, which stipulates that the estimated amount must be adjusted downward to exclude any amount for which it is “probable” (U.S. GAAP) or “highly probable” (IFRS) that a significant reversal will occur. Constraining estimates … Read more

Technology reseller arrangements

Technology reseller arrangements – IFRS 15 also changed practice for entities that sell their products through distributors or resellers (collectively referred to in this section as resellers). It is common in the technology industry for entities to provide resellers with greater rights than end-customers. For example, an entity may provide a reseller with price protection and extended rights of return.

Under IFRS 15, entities will need to first evaluate when control of the product transfers to the end-customer. To do this, first, entities may need to assess whether their contracts with resellers are consignment arrangements, under which control likely would not transfer until delivery to the end-customer (see Consignment arrangements). The standard provides three indicators that an arrangement is … Read more

Basis adjustment

[IFRS 9 Fair value hedge] The adjustment to the amortized cost basis of the hedged item from applying fair value hedge accounting is referred to as a basis adjustment. Basis adjustments are accounted for in the same manner as other components of the amortized cost basis of the hedged item. 

Explanations: Basis adjustment in hedging

A fair value hedge is a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability, or of an unrecognized firm commitment, that are attributable to a particular risk.

In general, the fair value hedge accounting model has two main elements: Basis adjustment in hedging

Hedging instrument

Hedged item

A derivative hedging instrument is recognized at fair value on

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Determine the transaction price

Determine the transaction price – This part relates to a complete explanation of IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers in respect of Engineering & Construction contracts, see Revenue from Engineering & Construction contracts. Determine the transaction price

The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties. This amount is meant to reflect the amount to which the entity has rights under the present contract, which may differ from the contractual price (e.g., if the entity intends to offer a price concession). The consideration promised in a contract may include fixed or variable … Read more

Measurement of Building held for sale

This is a case for the measurement of building held for sale under IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations.

The case

Pinch plc owns a building which it has used for many years as a factory. On 1 January 2012 the building had a carrying value of €15m with an estimated useful economic life of 15 years. Pinch uses the cost model under IAS 16 to account for buildings.

On 1 April 2012 Pinch plc commenced operations in a new building, and the old one was placed on the market as it was no longer being used. The estimated proceeds of sale were €13 million, less selling costs of €0.2 million. It was seen as … Read more