Relevant activities

Disclosure financial assets and liabilities

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Disclosure financial assets and liabilities

– provides a narrative providing guidance on users of financial statements’ needs to present financial disclosures in the notes to the financial statements grouped in more logical orders. But there is and never will be a one-size fits all.

Here it has been decided to separately disclose financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities, because of the distinct different nature of these classes of assets and liabilities and the resulting different types of disclosures, risks and tabulations.

Disclosure financial assets and liabilities guidance

Disclosing financial assets and liabilities (financial instruments) in one note

Users of financial reports have indicated that they would like to be able to quickly access all of the information about the entity’s financial assets and liabilities in one location in the financial report. The notes are therefore structured such that financial items and non-financial items are discussed separately. However, this is not a mandatory requirement in the accounting standards.

Accounting policies, estimates and judgements

For readers of Financial Statements it is helpful if information about accounting policies that are specific to the entityDisclosure financial assets and liabilitiesand about significant estimates and judgements is disclosed with the relevant line items, rather than in separate notes. However, this format is also not mandatory. For general commentary regarding the disclosures of accounting policies refer to note 25. Commentary about the disclosure of significant estimates and judgements is provided in note 11.

Scope of accounting standard for disclosure of financial instruments

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IFRS 7 does not apply to the following items as they are not financial instruments as defined in paragraph 11 of IAS 32:

  1. prepayments made (right to receive future good or service, not cash or a financial asset)
  2. tax receivables and payables and similar items (statutory rights or obligations, not contractual), or
  3. contract liabilities (obligation to deliver good or service, not cash or financial asset).

While contract assets are also not financial assets, they are explicitly included in the scope of IFRS 7 for the purpose of the credit risk disclosures. Liabilities for sales returns and volume discounts (see note 7(f)) may be considered financial liabilities on the basis that they require payments to the customer. However, they should be excluded from financial liabilities if the arrangement is executory. the Reporting entity Plc determined this to be the case. [IFRS 7.5A]

Classification of preference shares

Preference shares must be analysed carefully to determine if they contain features that cause the instrument not to meet the definition of an equity instrument. If such shares meet the definition of equity, the entity may elect to carry them at FVOCI without recycling to profit or loss if not held for trading.

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High level overview IFRS 3 Business Combinations

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HIGH LEVEL OVERVIEW IFRS 3 BUSINESS COMBINATIONS A summary on one page and more detail for reference The overview Scope & Identifying a business combination A business combination is: Transaction or event in which acquirer obtains control over a business (e.g. acquisition of shares or net assets, legal mergers, reverse acquisitions).High level overview IFRS 3 Business Combinations High level overview IFRS 3 Business Combinations IFRS 3 Business Combinations IFRS 3 does not apply to: The accounting for the formation of a joint arrangement in the financial statements of the joint arrangement itself. Acquisition of an asset or group of assets that is not a business. A combination of entities or businesses under common control. Definition of “control of an investee” … Read more

IFRS 10 Special control approach

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IFRS 10 Special control approach

– determines which entities are consolidated in a parent’s financial statements and therefore affects a group’s reported results, cash flows and financial position – and the activities that are ‘on’ and ‘off’ the group’s balance sheet. Under IFRS, this control assessment is accounted for in accordance with IFRS 10 ‘Consolidated financial statements’.

Some of the challenges of applying the IFRS 10 Special control approach include:

  • identifying the investee’s returns, which in turn involves identifying its assets and liabilities. This may appear straightforward but complications arise when the legal ownership of assets diverges from the accounting depiction (for example, in financial asset transfers that ‘fail’ de-recognition, and in finance leases). In general, the assessment of the investee’s assets and returns should be consistent with the accounting depiction in accordance with IFRS
  • it may not always be clear whether contracts and other arrangements between an investor and an investee
    • create rights or exposure to a variable return from the investee’s performance for the investor; or
    • transfer risk or variability from the investor to the investee IFRS 10 Special control approach
  • the relevant activities of an SPE may not be obvious, especially when its activities have been narrowly specified in its purpose and design IFRS 10 Special control approach
  • the rights to direct those activities might also be difficult to identify, because for example, they arise only in particular circumstances or from contracts that are outside the legal boundary of the SPE (but closely related to its activities).

IFRS 10 Special control approach sets out requirements for how to apply the control principle in less straight forward circumstances, which are detailed below:  IFRS 10 Special control approach

  • when voting rights or similar rights give an investor power, including situations where the investor holds less than a majority of voting rights and in circumstances involving potential voting rights
  • when an investee is designed so that voting rights are not the dominant factor in deciding who controls the investee, such as when any voting rights relate to administrative tasks only and the relevant activities are directed by means of contractual arrangements IFRS 10 Special control approach
  • involving agency relationships IFRS 10 Special control approach
  • when the investor has control only over specified assets of an investee
  • franchises. IFRS 10 Special control approach

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Overview IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements

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Overview IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements – Short – To establish principles for the presentation and preparation of consolidated financial statements when an entity controls one or more other entities Overview IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements Longer – IFRS 10 replaces the part of IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements that addresses accounting for subsidiaries on consolidation. What remains in IAS 27 after the implementation of IFRS 10 is the accounting treatment for subsidiaries, jointly controlled entities and associates in their separate financial statements. The aim of IFRS 10 is to establish a single control model that is applied to all entities including special purpose entities. The changes require those dealing with the implementation of IFRS 10 to exercise … Read more

IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements quick overview

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IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements quick overview provides the fastest overview on financial reporting by entities that have an interest in arrangements that are bound by a contractual arrangement providing two or more parties joint control. OBJECTIVE To establish principles for financial reporting by entities that have an interest in arrangements that are controlled jointly (i.e. joint arrangements) IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements quick overview IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements quick overview IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements quick overview SCOPE IFRS 11 applies to all entities that are a party to a joint arrangement DEFINITIONS Joint arrangement Joint control Joint operation – Joint operator Joint venture – Joint venturer Party to a joint arrangement Separate vehicle JOINT ARRANGEMENT A joint arrangement is an arrangement … Read more

Whether the investor currently directs the activities

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Whether the investor currently directs the activities – In assessing control, an investor considers both substantive rights that it holds and substantive rights held by others. To be ‘substantive’, rights need to be exercisable when decisions about the relevant activities are required to be made, and the holder needs to have a practical ability to exercise those rights. Whether the investor currently directs the activities Power is assessed with reference to the investee’s relevant activities, which are the activities that most significantly affect the returns of the investee. As part of its analysis, the investor considers the purpose and design of the investee, how decisions about the activities of the investee are made, and who has the current ability to … Read more

The relevant activities of an investee

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The relevant activities of an investee – Don’t get fooled, relevant activities for financial reporting and consolidation purposes does not mean that the activities of an investee are the same as the activities of other entities (parent entity and subsidiary entities) consolidated into that one group. No…….. it is about whether the activities significantly affect the investee’s returns. In other words can the parent entity earn from the relevant activities. Let that be clear!! IFRS 10 introduces the concept of ‘relevant activities’. This is a critical part of the model. This concept clarifies which aspects of an investee’s activities must be under the direction of an investor for that investor to have control for consolidation purposes. Examples of activities that, … Read more

Securitisation in 1 Best Complete Reading

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Securitisation entails pooling the cash flows and selling them to investors via a special purpose vehicle, turning ‘illiquid’ assets into a more ‘liquid’ asset.

Control of an investee

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Control of an investee exists when an investor controls an investee as it’s exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee

IFRS 10 Power

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“Power” is defined as the investor having such rights that (s)he can direct the activities that affect the investee’s returns. In the simplest cases, such power arises from the voting rights granted by shares. A parent company exerts power when it owns directly or through intermediate subsidiaries more than half of the voting power of the investee. Its vote allows it to direct the investee’s activities and appoint key members of its governing body.