IFRS 15 Retail – the finest perfect examples

IFRS 15 Retail revenue – finest perfect examples

Retail is the process of selling consumer goods or services to customers through multiple channels of distribution to earn a profit. Retailers satisfy demand identified through a supply chain. The term “retailer” is typically applied where a service provider fills the small orders of many individuals, who are end-users, rather than large orders of a small number of wholesale, corporate or government clientele. (Source: Wikipedia)

So what is the IFRS 15 guidance for retail?

Here are the cases covering the most significant accounting topics for retail in IFRS 15.


Case – Customer incentives Buy three, get coupon for one free

Death By Chocolate Ltd, a high street chain, is offering a promotion whereby a customer who purchases three boxes of chocolates at €20 per box in a single transaction in a store receives an offer for one free box of chocolates if the customer fills out a request form and mails it to them before a set expiration date.

Death By Chocolate estimates, based on recent experience with similar promotions, that 80% of the customers will complete the mail in rebate required to receive the free box of chocolates.

How is a ‘buy three, get one free’ transaction accounted for and presented by Death By Chocolate?

The rules

IFRS 15.22 states: “At contract inception, an entity shall assess the goods or services promised in a contract with a customer and shall identify as a performance obligation each promise to transfer to the customer either:IFRS 15 Retail

  1. a good or service (or a bundle of goods or services) that is distinct; or
  2. a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and that have the same pattern of transfer to the customer (see paragraph 23).”

IFRS 15.26 provides examples of distinct goods and services, including “granting options to purchase additional goods or services (when those options provide a customer with a material right, as described in paragraphs B39-B43)”.

IFRS 15.B40: “If , in a contract, an entity grants a customer the option to acquire additional goods or services, that option gives rise to a performance obligation in the contract only if the option provides a material right to the customer that it would not receive without entering into that contract (for example, a discount that is incremental to the range of discounts typically given for those goods or services to that class of customer in that geographical area or market).

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IFRS 15 Revenue Disclosures Examples

IFRS 15 Revenue Disclosures Examples

IFRS 15 Revenue Disclosures Examples provides the context of disclosure requirements in IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers and a practical example disclosure note in the financial statements. However, as this publication is a reference tool, no disclosures have been removed based on materiality. Instead, illustrative disclosures for as many common scenarios as possible have been included.

Please note that the amounts disclosed in this publication are purely for illustrative purposes and may not be consistent throughout the example disclosure related party transactions.

Users of the financial statements should be given sufficient information to understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. To achieve this, entities must provide qualitative and quantitative information about their contracts with customers, significant judgements made in applying IFRS 15 and any assets recognised from the costs to obtain or fulfil a contract with customers. [IFRS 15.110]

Disaggregation of revenue

[IFRS 15.114, IFRS 15.B87-B89]

Entities must disaggregate revenue from contracts with customers into categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. It will depend on the specific circumstances of each entity as to how much detail is disclosed. The Reporting entity Plc has determined that a disaggregation of revenue using existing segments and the timing of the transfer of goods or services (at a point in time vs over time) is adequate for its circumstances. However, this is a judgement and will not necessarily be appropriate for other entities.

Other categories that could be used as basis for disaggregation include:IFRS 15 Revenue Disclosures Examples

  1. type of good or service (eg major product lines)
  2. geographical regions
  3. market or type of customer
  4. type of contract (eg fixed price vs time-and-materials contracts)
  5. contract duration (short-term vs long-term contracts), or
  6. sales channels (directly to customers vs wholesale).

When selecting categories for the disaggregation of revenue entities should also consider how their revenue is presented for other purposes, eg in earnings releases, annual reports or investor presentations and what information is regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision makers. [IFRS 15.B88]

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Stand-alone selling price

The best evidence of standalone selling price is the price that the entity charges for the good or service in a separate transaction with a customer. However, in many cases goods or services are sold exclusively as a package with other goods or services rather than on an individual basis (e.g. nonrenewable customer support).

1 and best accounting revenue in a transfer of land

Here the questions raised is how to account for revenue in a transfer of land. Or to put it more formally how to account for revenue recognition in a real estate contract that includes the transfer of land (as per IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers) as per the same 2018 IFRS Interpretations Committee Agenda Decision. The case An entity has obtained a piece of land to construct a building on. How should the entity account for the sale of the land and the building to be constructed on the land. revenue in a transfer of land The contract includes the following features: revenue in a transfer of land The entity and the customer enter into a non-cancellable contract for … Read more

Identify Telecom performance obligations

Identify Telecom performance obligations – This is an example in a small series for illustrating the concepts in What is a good or service that is distinct? Example one: A telecoms company enters into a contract for the sale of a mobile device and connection to its mobile network. The contract, which lasts for two years, gives the customer: X minutes of calls per month; Y gigabytes of data per month; and obligations Z texts per month. The telecoms company frequently sells mobile devices without connecting them to the network. Although different combinations of minute, data and texts are available, it is not possible to buy only minutes, only data or only texts. Identify Telecom industry performance obligations The telecoms … Read more

Performance obligation

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer to the customer either 1 distinct goods/services or 2 a series of distinct goods/services

Arrangements partially in IFRS 15

Arrangements partially in IFRS 15 is about that difficult situation of a mixed contract, parts are in IFRS 15 parts are outside IFRS 15. IFRS 15 provides accounting requirements for all revenue arising from contracts with customers. Arrangements partially in IFRS 15 They affect all entities that enter into contracts to provide goods or services to their customers, unless the contracts are in the scope of other IFRSs requirements, such as IFRS 16 the leasing standard. Arrangements partially in IFRS 15 The standard provides requirements for arrangements partially within the scope of IFRS 15 and partially within the scope of other standards, as follows: Reference: Partially in scope – IFRS 15 7 Document your decisions in your financial close file … Read more

Allocate the transaction price to POs – E&C 1 Best Complete Read

Allocate the transaction price to POs – This part relates to a complete explanation of IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers in respect of Engineering & Construction contracts, see Revenue from Engineering & Construction contracts. Allocate the transaction price to POs Once the performance obligations are identified and the transaction price has been determined, IFRS 15 requires (with some exceptions, as discussed below) an entity to allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in proportion to their stand-alone selling prices (i.e., on a relative stand-alone selling price basis). Allocate the transaction price to POs To allocate the transaction price on a relative stand-alone selling price basis, an entity must first determine the stand-alone selling price (i.e., the price at … Read more

Identify the contract with the customer – Engineering & Construction industry

Identify the contract with the customer – This part relates to a complete explanation of IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers in respect of Engineering & Construction contracts, see Revenue from Engineering & Construction contracts. Identify the contract with the customer The model in IFRS 15 applies to each contract with a customer. Contracts may be written, oral or implied by an entity’s customary business practices, but must be legally enforceable and meet specified attributes. To apply the five-step model in IFRS 15, an entity must first identify the contract, or contracts, to provide goods or services to customers. Attributes of a contract Identify the contract with the customer To help entities determine whether (and when) their arrangements with … Read more